can you use expansion bolts in wood

Wood Screw-Style Hangers. The upper Midwest of the U.S. is a perfect example: While summers are quite humid, winter air can be very dry—enough so that people will use humidifiers in the winter to put moisture into the air. Another reason for not using wedge anchors in brick even if the wedge anchor can be expanded is that brick is mortared together with other brick and the holding values may be questionable or at least non-quantifiable. This can ruin the head and also ruins the driver.I have heard that they were designed to do this in order to prevent over tightening, but I’m not sure if that’s true. Star drive screws are becoming more and more common in the U.S. and are my absolute favorite type of drive. This prevents reuse of the fastener and requires a new, slightly … Also known as sleeve anchors, these have a sleeve that expands for a secure hold in block and brick. Drill the proper size and depth hole for each anchor. Expansion bolts can be used to secure heavy objects to walls or floors. Bolts are beveled under the head for a flush finish in countersunk holes. The Affect of Air Moisture on Woodworking Pieces, Methods for Dealing With Expansion and Shrinkage, Using SPF Dimension Lumber in Fine Woodworking Projects, Using Pressure-Treated Lumber in Woodworking Projects. Use a hammer drill when installing anchors into hard surfaces such as stone, concrete and brick. You can just power the screw into the wood to make it flush, but you will get better and cleaner results if you use a countersink bit to drill a pilot hole, or use a countersink to cut the bevels after you drill a pilot hole. So, whether intentional or not, the code is basically implying you cannot use 2x4 walls with anchor bolts that are subject to out-of-plane loads. If you’re unsure, just ask an employee for help. The best part is that they come in star or square drives so your driver stays in place and won’t slip out like with Phillips. And of course, you want to position the pocket holes on the undersides or back of projects where they won’t be visible. This will help "balance out" any cupping that may occur as moisture levels change. A machine threaded bolt is used to expand the Single Expansion Anchor and can be removed and replaced without affecting the holding values of the anchor. If the woodworker doesn't plan accordingly when building the piece, cracking is a very real possibility. The amount of time and frustration these types of screws save is enormous. This is where the terminology can get a little confusing. Square drives are a huge improvement! They usually have pan heads and will probably work as a wood screw if you need a substitute. Tighten the nut on the anchor bolt with a wrench until it clicks. Hollow Wall Anchors. Just buy what you need. In general, I don’t recommend using drywall screws for woodworking projects. Sometimes wood screws come in coarse or fine threads. But I can think of plenty of exceptions such a machine screws. I use the Kreg pocket screws, but you might be able to substitute pan head screws. This is why most cabinet carcasses are built using plywood, which isn't affected by humidity nearly as much as dimensional lumber. When gluing up boards to make a tabletop, not only should the grain of each of the boards be in the same direction and the boards matched so that consecutive boards have similar colors, but the end grains should run in opposite directions. They are threaded part of the way and then have a smooth shank at the top. I want to point out that I don’t really use a lot of screws in woodworking. I don’t think I’ve ever had any break. This is why lumber manufacturers either store lumber for long periods to air-dry it or bake it in ovens, called kiln-drying. Know what kind you need for your project  before going to the hardware store or home center. Use an old rag and water to wipe up any excess on the wall, or wood. In other words, when one board is laid with the end grain (indicative of cupping) facing up, the next board should be facing down, then the next one up, and so on. Drill Style Hollow Wall Anchors, Molly Anchors, … They are definitely harder to find in the U.S. Their square shape greatly reduces, almost eliminating cam-out and driver slipping. Wood with a moisture content that is out of balance with the surrounding air can either take moisture from the air or return moisture to the air. You may only need a few screws, but what kind should you get? Get DIY project ideas and easy-to-follow crafts to help you spruce up your space. Trees are comprised mostly of water. Common brands include Spax or GRK. ! Purchase anchors that penetrate into the concrete at least one inch (2.54 cm). Any Boy Scout who has ever tried to light a campfire with freshly-cut wood knows that such green wood is far too wet to burn. Screws are also used to hold things together where expansion and contraction of the wood can be an issue. The diameter is indicated by a number. For some projects that are sort of in the middle ground between making an heirloom dresser and a workbench, I like to use pocket screws. Plus, when you buy a box, it comes with a driver bit. For example: A lag eye bolt will hold more load when screwed into a new oak board, compared to an old pine fence post. Sometimes I use brads for holding boards together while glue dries, but never as a sole means of assembly. We know that Log Cabins move and certainly within the first year of life they can move quite a bit.I explain this in an article about moisture content in log cabins which greatly effects the expansion and contraction of the wall … There are a few considerations to keep in mind here: Knowing that wood will naturally attempt to equalize with the humidity in its environment, a woodworker must know how the wood will expand. Self-drilling screws have a split point that cuts into the wood like a drill bit. Expansion Bolts. The head is external hex and are driven with a wrench. Failure to account for such movement may eventually lead to cracking (shrinkage) or excessive cupping (expansion) on the tabletop. Especially near the ends of boards to prevent splitting. With that said, screws can make their own threads during the installation process. This is because a tree's cellular structure is designed to allow sap (which is mostly water) to flow throughout the tree. They are made of hardened steel and have a corrosion resistant coating. They don’t have a working load limit because their strength is dependent on the species and condition of the wood it is screwed into. Carriage bolts make this process quick and easy. Here are my bottom line recommendations; the best screws for woodworkers. x 1-3/4 in. Should You Use Heartwood or Sapwood for Woodworking Projects? To connect the top to the structure, screw the front side of the desk so that no movement can occur, but on the opposite (back) side, screws should be affixed in slots that will allow the boards to widen or narrow. Basically they suck and I would never recommend them for woodworking with one exception: if you want to make a period piece of furniture with historic accuracy. They make assembling these types of projects, say a bedframe, much easier and quicker. A common use is to attach a tabletop to a base. You will need to drill a pilot hole when using any type of concrete anchor. Maybe twice as much as regular wood screws. Bolts are typically used to make a bolted joint by using a nut to apply force while using the shank to act as a dowel. It’s also worth noting that screws must be turned to assemble a joint, while bolts can be secured in place using a tool or a carriage bolt. There are 331 suppliers who sells expansion bolts for wood on Alibaba.com, mainly located in Asia. Push hard against the bolt head as you turn to keep the teeth engage and don't allow the anchor to turn or the teeth will rip through the wall surface and weaken the installation. They are also called Robertson screws and are most common in Canada. They are relatively inexpensive and come an all kinds of diameters and head shapes. Used for lag together lumber for framing, machinery to wood floors, and other heavy duty applications. They are also used commonly in areas that are susceptible to earthquakes. They sit on top of the wood and aren’t used much for woodworking. In some climates, certain times of the year are much more humid than other times. The most common wood screws are number 6, 8, and 10, the larger the number the bigger the thickness. Flathead screws require a lot of patience to use and are very difficult to drive with a drill or impact driver. In the ten years of projects on this channel, I don’t think I have ever used nails in a project, other than for decorative purposes. This type of anchor is best used for attaching cement board to wood and steel. If you’ve ever been to the fasteners section of a hardware store of home center you know how intimidating this experience can be. Plus they can accommodate a lot of torque. You may occasionally need machine screws to fasten a couple boards together, but they aren’t common in woodworking. Not only that, but they don’t hold nearly as well as screws and can work themselves loose. Expansion anchors are only as strong as the material they are installed in! For woodworking a flathead screw is the most common kind of screw to use. If you haven't used a particular anchor before, practice installation on a scrap piece of drywall or plywood paneling. Use a screwdriver to turn the bolt until the sleeve expands and tightens against the inside of the wall. The Single Expansion Anchor is made from a highly corrosive zinc-based alloy called Zamac. This helps hold the screws in place. It’s easy to confuse a screw with a flad head, and a slotted screw that we often call flathead screws. Panhead or roundheads can have shallow or deep domes. And don’t worry, you can unsubscribe anytime. While there are a lot of choices available, there are only a few different types of screws a woodworker will ever need. Using a standard 5/8" anchor bolt centered in the wall, you don't meet the minimum 4D requirement, nor do you using the minimum 1/2" anchor bolt required by the IBC. Nails are a pain to hammer in, can bend, and you can easily mar the surface of your project with the hammer head. Drive these into wood with an adjustable wrench, pliers, or a special driver tool. Expansion and Contraction. Hollow wall anchors. Wood that absorbs additional moisture will swell; wood that expels moisture will shrink. It can also be used with high-density exterior sheathing and for bathtub attachments, countertops, flooring applications, and more. Why should you make this push block? Screws are often plated with zinc or galvanized to protect against corrosion. A Phillips head driver will stay in place a lot better, but they still have an annoying tendency to cam-out, or slip when driving the last bit into wood. There are two components of a screw head. The lumber used in precision woodworking must be dried considerably before it is stable enough to use. When orienting such a tabletop on a structure such as a desk, it should be laid so that the end-grains of the boards are on the two short sides of the table. Learn the basics of pocket hole joinery. When Phillips screws came out in the 1930s, they were a vast improvement over slotted screws. Pocket screws are self drilling and have a wide head that grabs the flat shoulder made by drilling pocket holes. Watch my pocket hole basics video to learn a lot more about pocket hole joinery. You will usually want to use the ones with the tapered heads. They come in different sizes so always make sure your driver matches and fits well. They make assembling these types of projects, say a bedframe, much easier and quicker. They are great for making cabinets and other casework. Lag screws, also called lag bolts, are large wood screws. A common use is to attach a tabletop to a base. These are the most commonly used wood screws in my shop. 99. Shanks and threads come in different sizes. They are great for making cabinets and other casework. Usually I use wood glue, which is stronger and leaves no visible fasteners. Lag eye bolts have threads designed to screw into wood. And while my Mere Mortals philosophy is always to be frugal, this is one instance where I believe it’s worth spending the extra money. These anchors fit a range of sheet metal and wood screw sizes since they form their own threads when installed. Wood that absorbs additional moisture will swell; wood that expels moisture will shrink. Here in the U.S. you will mostly find these in pocket screws. Like the name implies, it’s just a slot that a flathead screwdriver turns. This difference in seasonal humidity is why doors and dresser drawers will stick in the summertime but move freely in the winter. This will sometimes be followed by the threads-per-inch, then then length of the screw. Movement in a piece of stock caused by shifts in moisture will occur across the grain, as opposed to along the grain. There a bazillion different kinds of screws and there is no way I can cover them all, so I’ll will give you an overview of the most common types of screws and what you will need for woodworking. Wet wood is not very stable, and will most assuredly shrink as it dries out. You can just power the screw into the wood to make it flush, but you will get better and cleaner results if you use a. It has a beveled head that seats neatly into the wood, making it flush with the surface. There are lots and lots of different types of drives, but thankfully, there are just a few common ones you need to know. And of course, you want to position the pocket holes on the undersides or back of projects where they won’t be visible. Production or Multi-purpose screws are my absolute favorite types of screws. I almost always use #8 diameter screws. Shanks and threads come in different sizes. For woodworking you can narrow it down to just a few choices. With some fastening jobs (hanging a large picture frame or bulletin board, for example), you can spread the load by using more than one anchor. I don’t recommend stocking up on anything other than #8 1-¼” screws. It’s weird how common they still are, still readily available at hardware stores. According to Handyman Fix Home Repair, "Once the acrylic based wood putty has dried, you have to use toluene or acetone to clean it up." If you are building outdoor projects, use deck screws. One drawback to using thread-cutting screws is that the threads may strip if the application is disassembled. Instead, the Sleeve Anchor is an expansion type anchor that should be considered for fastening to brick. Think of heating ducts for instance. Most cabinet manufacturers provide corner blocks within the cabinet for attaching the countertop to the cabinet base. You will need to use these when attaching some other material to wood…something that you can’t countersink, say metal or plastic. The star shape virtually eliminates cam-out and the driver almost never slips out. And there’s a basic look at the various types of screws. By tightening the bolt, the nut on the opposite end pulls into the shell, expanding it outward and wedging it inside the hole in the wall or floor. In some climates, certain times of the year are much more humid than other times. Like the drive types, there are all kinds of head shapes. Together, this is the part that drives into the material. Well, the short answer is: You should use carriage bolts in order to fasten wood to metal. Metal and Wood Screws. Screws used in woodworking will have a pointed tip to help guide the screw into a precise location. Drywall: Nail-in hook. Here’s what the other side looks like. Zinc-Alloy Long Lag Shields (20-Pack) These lag or expansion shields are used for These lag or expansion shields are used for fastening lag screws into fastening into wood and concrete. The Kreg screws have a square drive which makes them really easy to seat. PICTURE FRAMES (up to 20 lbs.) When you buy them, make sure the nuts’ threads match. 02 of 10 5/16 in. If you’ve never used multi-purpose or Spax screws, just get one box and try them out. The correct size of hole … The screws will be set into a slot, allowing the wood to move as humidity changes. They work by expanding when a screw or bolt is threaded into them. When to use Chemical Resin Anchors If you need to fix something close to the edge of a brick or stone because you intend to hang a gate or add a small fixing, drilling and screws/bolts that expand into wall plugs can cause strength-ruining splits and cracks in the masonry. Using screws to quickly assemble a spline jig. However, depending on the moisture content of the stock and the air (and the variety of wood used), the width and thickness (to a lesser extent) may vary considerably. Thread-cutting screws are used mostly when working with metal and wood. Use fine threads for hardwoods and coarse threads for softwoods and plywood. $15.99 $ 15. They don’t match the beveled shape of a countersink. I really wish Phillips screws would become obsolete, but they are still extremely common in the U.S. the vast majority of screws sold at hardware stores are still Phillips. You can also choose from steel, stainless steel expansion bolts for wood, as well as from zinc, plain expansion bolts for wood, and whether expansion bolts for wood is inch, or metric. While they offer the best protection from the weather, they are not as strong as deck screws and are very expensive. 200 Pcs M8 Expansion Bolts Anchors Plugs Screws Tube Pipe Expansion Screw for Gypsum Board Hollow Wall Curtain Wall Installation Fastener Hardware (Without Screws) (White-Aircraft) 4.0 out of 5 stars 1. Usually, sheet metal screws are tiny with a sharp point intended for piercing and driving into sheet metal. They are threaded along the entire shaft  are sold in threads per inch. Screws are also used to hold things together where expansion and contraction of the wood can be an issue. The Concrete wall installation instructions say not to use these for a wood stud installation, but rather to use a 7/32 pilot with the provided lag bolt. Once the putty dries it doesn't clean up very easily. Can handle vertical and horizontal loads. I guarantee, you will wonder why you didn’t try them sooner! Instead, securely fasten the top to the base unit using appropriate length wood screws. How to Choose the Correct Size Wood Screws, Tips for Using Poplar in Woodworking Projects. So when you are reading a box, the first number will tell you the screw diameter. Wood Screw-Style Hangers. In the U.S. threads are sometimes indicated in threads per inch, usually 24 or 32 tpi. Other than that, avoid slotted screws whenever possible. Expansion bolts are very good for filling any gaps or cracks in masonry. While they both feature a protective zinc shell, though, they each involve a different You can learn about how I handle information I collect by viewing my Privacy Policy. Because of the similarities between them, many people assume that galvanized screws and zinc-plated screws are the same. Wood screws are widely available in all home centers and hardware stores and are designed to join two pieces of wood together. They have thinner shanks than wood screws, usually about equal to a #6 screw and threads that run the entire length of the screw. The expansion shield acts as an anchoring point into a concrete slab or foundation, expanding when the screw threads are engaged during installation. As such, all four sides should grow relatively equally (mainly if all four come from the same piece of original stock). Chris is a freelance writer who specializes in woodworking, designs his own projects, and is experienced in commercial carpentry. Here are my, The most common screws I use and like to keep on hand at all times in my shop are. The downsides to glue are that you have to wait for it to dry and once you’ve assembled something, you can’t take it apart. There is a common misconception among non-woodworkers that we use a lot of nails. Be sure to have plenty of extra bits on hand and use a can of compressed air or a blower to clean dust away from the drilled hole. That is to say; a 1 x 6 that is 4 feet long will almost always stay 4 feet long. I always like to have these on hand. When building a carcass for a cabinet, each of the four sides of the box should have the grain-oriented in the same direction. Read on to learn about these. Regular drill bits will dull too quickly. Ideal stock for woodworking should be at a state of equilibrium with the environment in which the finished project will reside. This is the reason why freshly-cut lumber does not work very well for fine woodworking, which requires great precision and fine tolerances. Essential woodworking jig and shop project. This makes them a popular choice for construction work in areas where there is heavy vibrations, such as football stadiums or near train lines. Longer screws are usually #10s. FREE Shipping on orders over $25 shipped by Amazon. There is no agreement on this, but personally, I view a bolt as a fastener that goes all the way through two material with a nut attached, while a screw pulls two pieces together and only the head of the fastener is visible. You can buy wedge anchors online or at a hardware store. Be sure to look for corrosion-resistant fasteners. Because of their thinness they are really brittle. These screws are made with hardened steel and are incredibly strong. For woodworking you can narrow it down to just a few choices. Luckily, there are really only two that common in woodworking. As you can see, this molly bolt is too big for my 1/2-inch drywall, as those four little wings should be pressed up against the wall in order to create that strong hold. These are important to know with machine screws or bolts where you need to get a nut to match. 4. I often use screws for shop projects and jigs. The Single Expansion Anchor is available in 1/4", 5/16”, 3/8”, 1/2", 5/8” and 3/4” diameters. To install, tap the anchor into a hole and tighten the bolt to expand the sleeve. They have self-drilling points that eliminate the need for a pilot hole, but I would still pre-drill for critical pieces. For even better corrosion resistance, especially on boats and  in salty marine environments, you can use stainless steel screws. The treads of a screw wrap around the shank. With these, I’m not concerned about the appearance as much and love the time-savings screws give me. Eventually, the wood will expel a lot of moisture to the air in an attempt to equalize with its environment. The diameter is indicated by a number. Self-Drilling Screws You can hammer the nut to ensure the anchor bolt hits the bottom of the hole. For this reason, these types of screws are commonly called flathead screws way more often than slotted screws. So make sure you get the right size molly bolts when you’re at the store. In general, floating wood floors that aren’t nailed or glued down require about a 1/2-in. Other anchors can work with concrete and brick but wedge anchors are a good all-around anchor that you can use on light or heavy materials.

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