how did the mass media help create common cultural experiences

local, regional, national) and the context in which the message is presented. By deciding which article will be printed on the front page, which documentary will be shown or who will be the guest on a talk show, journalists and editors basically decide what is important and what is not. “Amsterdam to phase out black Santa Claus sidekick from winter festival” – See more at: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/14/netherlands-europe-news. He said, “Tolerance is a power structure.” In our research and interviews, we saw it is not about tolerance and what this long-held value means to Dutch society today, but the practices that are not put in place for an already multicultural society. It was a turning point of the political landscape in the Netherland, in which populism took on the overhand and harshened language used by politicians with regard to Muslims and Islam. De Telegraaf, one of the most read newspapers in the Netherlands, went even one step further and made a very distasteful comparison between Black Pete and Nelson Mandela, whereby it was stated that with the death of Mandela on the 5th of December, 2013, Black Pete also had passed away. Broadcast media transmit information electronically via media such as films, radio, recorded music, or television. The most co… Yet, this loaded word is still irresponsibly and casually used in news media outlets to paint a portrait of Islamic radicalism, while demonizing Muslims. Although this idea gave early proponents a useful, familiar way to think about radio, it underestimated radio’s power as a medium. By changing the themes and topics that the media cover, Özdil states, they risk losing customers. So, although individually their contribution may be of little significance, collectively they can make a big difference. Just that word can invoke images of terrorists, violence and polarization of the Islamic religion. Indeed, the media play a central role in the process of ethnic categorization and in reinforcing and spreading negative stereotypes of these groups. Mass mediameans technology that is intended to reach a mass audience. The polarization of the society, whereby Islam was perceived as a threat, caused for a wave of negative, stereotyping associations in the media. In 2002, Fortuyn was assassinated by Volkert van der Graaf, who was known as a vegan animal rights campaigner. The fear of terrorism was directly related to Islam and Muslims, which caused for a wave of negative and stereotyping reports of Muslims. It can be questioned that if the Black Pete tradition really has nothing to do with racism or discrimination, how come that so many racist arguments are being stated in the Dutch media with the discourse of this public debate? There are three major societal functions that mass media perform to political decisions raised by the political scientist Harold Lasswell: surveillance of the world to report ongoing events, interpretation of the meaning of events, and socialization of individuals into their cultural settings. The simplification of Islam and Muslims during the reporting of 9/11 and how most news media reports only focused on Muslims when it involves crime, security or their culture, caused for a one-sided, negative framework in the way that Muslims were portrayed. This is reached through several means, including psychological, social, economic, philosophical, awareness of human rights, political and so on. In court, Van der Graaf stated that his goal was to stop Fortuyn’s exploitation of Muslims as “scapegoats and targeting of the weak parts of society to gain political power.” The assassination of Fortuyn caused turmoil in society and the public debate on Islam was even more polarized. Whenever there is a public demand to change these themes and topics, however, this risk will be smaller. Furthermore, during a press conference of the Nuclear Security Summit 2014, Prime Minister Mark Rutte was asked about Black Pete. In fact, the ideas exchanged in organizational communication and interpersonal communication are often established, reinforced or negated by messages in the mass media. Early theories of media influence, commonly referred to as "magic bullet" or "hypodermic needle" theories, believed that the mass media had powerful effects over audiences. He doesn’t accept it because the term tolerance is posing a framework whereby one is accepting someone else. The responsibility cannot be put with an individual, but is shared. The mass media is certainly aware of its vast power to shape popular ideas, opinions and attitudes. The development of these mediums served as … What is the intent? As a result, it is difficult to say to what extent individual media can be held responsible for negative stereotypes. Every year, Saint Nicholas makes his entry accompanied by black-faced helpers: “Black Petes” or “Zwarte Pieten.” The public debate with regard to the black-faced helpers of Saint Nicholas has been discussed for decades, primarily in progressive urban circles, whereby the opponents state that, “Black Pete is a caricature of an African slave carried over from colonial times – he is usually portrayed by white people wearing blackface makeup, bold red lipstick and Afro wigs”. But the mass media are also shaped and influenced by social gro… Therefore, it doesn’t make sense that everybody should be the same, and it is a good development that problems – with regard to the position of youngsters with ethnic backgrounds – are being analyzed from different perspectives, whereby role models with various ethnic backgrounds are being included in order to combat stigmatizing, stereotyping and negative frame-working. Surely, not all journalists consciously write articles that project people in a more negative way than they may deserve. He doesn’t accept it because the term tolerance is posing a framework whereby one is accepting someone else. Looking through an equity lens is acknowledging differences and inequality, and it can help with identifying and removing barriers and accommodating differences. Socioeconomic factors are neglected, even though such factors are a much better predictor of negative behavior in societies. Düsseldorff: The European Institute for the Media. Bink, S. (1999) Mapping Minorities and Their Media: The National Context – The Netherlands. As such, it does not automatically follow that agenda-setting media can influence public opinion more, because they can introduce new topics to the viewers’ eye. How were women's roles changing during the 1920s, The Flapper Image; Women working and voting, How were the nations cities and suburbs affected by Americans on the move from rural areas, Rural: Farmers were economically stressed and market prices dropped while the costs of operation rose, Charles Lindbergh: Flew 33 1/2 hours straight, Why were some Americans opposed to Flappers, What was the migration patters in the 1920s, African Americans moved to the north; and masses of refugees applied for entry into the US, A 1920s term used to describe a new type of young women: rebellious and energetic, How did the mass media help create common cultural experiences, It created movies, newspapers + magazines, and the radio, Why are the 1920s called the Jazz Age, and how did it the jazz spirit affect the arts, Jazz became extremely popular; jazz painters and jazz poetry, How did the writers of the Lost Generation respond to the popular culture, The writers of the Lost Generation didn't accept American Society, so they moved to Europe, What subjects did the Harlem Renaissance writers explore, Black preaching, celebrated the blossoming of African Americans, and protested against the sufferings of African Americans, Describe how the growth of mass media affected American culture, As media began to expand, companies got larger, which allowed them to supply more and more Americans with news on fashion, and other cultural changes, which Americans would copy, Print to broadcast methods of communication information to large numbers of people, Group of American writers who shared the belied that they were lost in greedy, materialistic world that lact moral values, African American literary awakening of the 1920s centered in Harlem, What were the effects of Prohibition on society, Bootlegging started; Speakeasies opened; people snuck in or smuggled alcohol from ships; organized crime became more common, What issues of religion were at the core of the Scopes trial, Evolution Theroy; Modern beliefs vs Traditional values; Fundamenalism, African Americans endured more violence (Red Summer); the KKK was revived; NNACP was encouraged; The Garvey movement occured, How did Prohibition reinforce the division between urban and rural areas, Gangs and organized crimes made people want to stay away from cities, Describe Marcus Garvey's Goals for African Americans, New homeland where they could live in peace; build up African Americans' self respect and economic power; create a self - governing nation, Term used to describe a supplier of illegal alcohol during Prohibition, bars that operated illegally during the time of prohibition, set of religious beliefs including traditional christian ideas about Jesus Christ, 1925 court case in which Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schools, What role do businesses and consumers h=play in a consumer economy, Americans valued thrift; the bought mainly what the needed (consumer); helped by higher wages, advertising, and credit (business), How were Henry Ford and the automobile important to the 1920s, Created the Model T; assembly lines - created it to be more efficient; he took advantage of economic scale - the more he made the less it would cost, In what ways did industrial growth affect the economy of the 1920s, Automobil making became the nations largest industry; thousands of new businesses arose to serve automobile/travel; rapid business expansion opened up for small companies; music; movie making; and publishing, Why did the economic boom bypass some people and benefit others, Unskilled laborers remained poor and their wages; need products after war decreased for farmers, What was the new approach to advertising in the 1920s, It informed the consumer about the quality og the product; and it appealed to the emothions of the consumers, An economy that depends on a large amount of spending by consumer, A payment plan that allows consumers to make payments at set intervals over a period of time until the total debt is payed, Manufacturing process in which each worker does one specialized task in the construction of the final product, Why did the economy of the late 1920s appear healthy to most americans, stocks soared; business success, post war economy stabilized, What danget signs were present in the economy of the late 1920s, Uneven prosperity; personal debt; playing the stock market; trouble for farmers + workers; too many goods, too little demand, Why did employees practice welfare capitalism, wanted to keep the workers happy and it would strengthen the companies' loyalty and moral, What issues faced farm workers in the late 1920s, Falling farm prices dropped so they couldn't pay for debt or machinery; congress solved it by the McNary Haugen farm relief bill but President Coolidge vetoed it, An approach to labor relations in which companies meet some of their workers' needs without prompting by unions, thus preventing strikes and keeping productivity high, the practice of making high-risk investments in hopes of getting huge return, An option that allowed investors to purchase a stock for only fraction of its price and borrow the rest, Best selling book by Bruce Barton; it told the biblical sory of Jesus' life in business terms, What events fueled the Red Scarce of the early 1920s, The Russian Revolution; American Fears; Schneck v. US; Gitlow v. New York; The Palmer raids; Sacco and Vanzetti, What conflicts led to the major labor strikes of 1919, The Boston Police Strike; Strikes Decline; Steel and Coal Strikes, How did the Republican leadership during the Harding and Coolidge presidencies shape the 1920s, Restore stability; republicans favored big businesses; and every branch of the government was determined by the republican party so decisions reflected their views, Why did nativism flare up again after WW1, Patriotism - foreigners could never be fully legal to the US, How did the Red Scare contribute to America's policy of isolationism in the 1920s, Made political + economic relations seem dangerous, causing isolation in American during the 1920s, 15 nations pledged not to use the threat of war in their dealings with one another, what issues influenced the presidential election of 1928, Policy of avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign countries, Program in which the nations of the world voluntarily give up their weapons, Scandal during the Harding Administration involving the granting of oil - drilling rights on government land in return for money, official ideology or the soviet union, characterized there by complete government ownership of land and property, single - party control of the government, and lack of individual rights, In June 1919, multiple bombs exploded in several cities. In October 2013, a United Nations adviser on minority rights described Black Pete as “a throwback to slavery.”. In the affirmative sense, synonymous with popular culture (the preferred term in cultural studies and … Towards the end of the 19th century artists sough to capture their subjects through portraits of individuals who were absorbed in the act of reading a book. Up to now most politicians in the Netherlands remained silent with regard to the debate of Back Pete, which caused for a lot of frustration among the Black Pete protesters. Just that word can invoke images of terrorists, violence and polarization of the Islamic religion. Mass media play a unique and important role in the shaping of a society where men and women enjoy equal rights. Therefore, if you want a public debate you need people who disagree, and that is good. It was a turning point of the political landscape in the Netherland, in which populism took on the overhand and harshened language used by politicians with regard to Muslims and Islam. Not only is media influential in its dissemination of information – it is a powerful visual of who is included and who is not. Media can help to create awareness among the people faster than any other thing. When Harry was born, his parents, Steve and Barb, were delighted to add another boy to their family. When you say allochthonous, you think about certain people from non-western background, and most of the time it has a negative framework.” Furthermore, the term allochthonous is mostly related with crime, whereby identity is related to a certain ethnic background. He answered that “Black Pete is Black and I cannot change that.” Also, the mayor of Amsterdam, Eberhard van der Laan, offered carefully worded statements of support to Black Pete as a part of the old Saint Nicholas tradition, but he did say that the appearance of Black Pete eventually will change over several years from his current blackface. These days, it’s common to find an image emerging, unbeckoned, from the reservoir of the past. Therefore, with his media platform, he aims to inspire youngsters with various ethnic backgrounds and provide a positive framework in the way they are portrayed. Besamusca E. and Verheul J., Discovering the Dutch on Culture and Society of The Netherlands, Amsterdam University Press 2010, p. 231-240. communicated information to large numbers of people; movies, newspapers, radio why are the 1920s called the jazz age? It is not that black and white. Law that raised American Tariffs on many imported goods in order to protect factories and farms. Relaties tussen maat- schappelijke ontwikkelingen, parlement, media en steun voor anti- immigratiepartijen in Nederland’, Tijdschrift voor Communicatiewetenschap, jrg. Another way in which the media can shape public opinion is through the decisions that are made about what is published and what not. This influence can be seen from both the left and the right. Muslims were being portrayed as extremist, which caused a one-sided and biased stereotyping perspective and an overall negative framework. A gunman robbed and killed the guard and pay maker of a shoe factory in South Braintree, Massachusetts. Advancements in electronic communication, from the telegraph to the telephone to wireless radio, allowed the rapid transmission of information across long distances.

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