is fluorine a gas
Fluorine (F), most reactive chemical element and the lightest member of the halogen elements, or Group 17 (Group VIIa) of the periodic table. This process is continuous. The isolation of fluorine was for a long time one of the chief unsolved problems in inorganic chemistry, and it was not until 1886 that the French chemist Henri Moissan prepared the element by electrolyzing a solution of potassium hydrogen fluoride in hydrogen fluoride. As these substances were found to deplete the ozone layer, the Montreal Protocol began to lay down provisions for them to be phased-out globally after the agreement was ratified in 1987. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The fluorine-containing mineral fluorspar (or fluorite) was described in 1529 by the German physician and mineralogist Georgius Agricola. A solution of hydrogen fluoride gas in water is called hydrofluoric acid, large quantities of which are consumed in industry for cleaning metals and for polishing, frosting, and etching glass. Fluorinated gases (F-gases) are man-made gases that can stay in the atmosphere for centuries and contribute to a global greenhouse effect. This observation can be explained by the fact that fluorine has (1) weaker intermolecular forces of attraction than iodine NF3 use has grown since the 1990s along with the rapid expansion of the microelectronics fabrication industry. In very small amounts, it is also a trace element necessary for the health of most organisms, although the line between enough and too much is very fine. Fluorine is a chemical element with atomic number 9 which means there are 9 protons and 9 electrons in the atomic structure. Observations on personnel working with fluorine at a gaseous diffusion plant. Fluorine does not exist in nature in its elemental state. If released, HFCs stay in the atmosphere for decades and both PFCs and SF6 can stay in the atmosphere for millennia. Because fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, atomic groupings rich in fluorine are often negatively charged. Fluorine is an element that is widely distributed in the environment, but because of its high reactivity it is not found naturally in its elemental state. Fluorine gas (F2), which has been called chemistry’s hellcat, is so reactive that chemists have long assumed it does not occur in nature. No other substance, therefore, is able to oxidize the fluoride anion to the free element, and for this reason the element is not found in the free state in nature. 5. It is highly reactive, and this is due to its high electronegativity and weak fluorine- fluorine bond. Lyon JS [1962]. He used K2MnF6 and antimony pentafluoride (SbF5), both of which can be easily prepared from HF solutions. NF3 has similar oxidising potential to oxygen; for instance, it causes a smouldering cigarette to flare up. It appears likely that crude hydrofluoric acid was first prepared by an unknown English glassworker in 1720. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. It is commonly shipped as a cryogenic liquid. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 29:10-18. Molecules at the same temp have the same average kinetic energy (##”KE” = 1/2mv^2##). "Climate change indicators - Atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases - Figure 4", United States Environmental Protection Agency, "The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI)", "Refrigerant Market Size Worth $30.37 Billion By 2025 / CAGR: 5.3%", "Sulfur Hexafluoride Market is Thriving Worldwide 2020-2027", "The future we want - Outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fluorinated_gases&oldid=986911878, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 3 November 2020, at 18:41. When a gas cabinet is warranted (e.g., cylinders larger than lecture bottle size that are used in a fume hood), install a fluorine gas monitoring system.
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